amusement park is a park featuring attractions, such as rides and games, and other events for entertainment purposes. A theme park is a type of theme park that bases its structure and objects around a central theme, often featuring multiple areas with different themes. Unlike funfair and temporary carnivals and mobile, amusement parks are stationary and built for long-term operation. They are more complicated than city parks and playgrounds, usually providing attractions destined for different age groups. Although amusement parks often contain themed areas, amusement parks place a heavier focus with more elaborately designed themes that revolve around a particular subject or group of subjects.
The amusement parks evolved from European exhibitions, fun parks and large picnic areas, created for public recreation. World exhibitions and other types of international exposition also affect the emergence of the amusement park industry. Lake Compounce opened in 1846 and is considered the oldest amusement park that continues to operate in North America. The first theme parks appeared in the mid-twentieth century with the opening of Santa Claus Land in 1946 and the Disneyland theme park in 1955.
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Histori
Origins
Amusement parks evolved from three previous traditions: periodic travel or exhibitions, fun parks and exhibitions such as world exhibitions. The earliest influences were the medieval periodic fair - one of the earliest was the Bartholomew Fair in England of 1133. In the 18th and 19th centuries, they have evolved into a place of entertainment for the masses, where the public can see strange performances, acrobats, magic and juggling, take part in the competition and walk through menageries.
The wave of innovations in the 1860s and 1870s created mechanical rides, such as the steam-powered carousel (built by Thomas Bradshaw, at Aylsham Fair), and its derivatives, mainly from Frederick Savage of King's Lynn, Norfolk whose field equipment equipment is exported worldwide ; The "horse-horse" innovation is seen in the merry-go-round today. It inaugurated the era of modern night riding rides, as the working class is increasingly able to spend their surplus wages for entertainment.
The second influence is the pleasure park. An example is the oldest amusement park in the world, Bakken ("The Hill"), opened in mainland Europe in 1583. Located north of Copenhagen in Klampenborg, Denmark.
Another early park was Vauxhall Gardens, which was founded in 1661 in London. At the end of the 18th century, this site has entrance fees for various attractions. Regularly attracts many people, with its tracks often noted for romantic duties; tight pedestrians, hot air balloon rides, concerts and fireworks provide entertainment. Although the gardens were originally designed for the elite, they soon became places of great social diversity. Public fireworks are on display at Marylebone Gardens, and Cremorne Gardens offers live music, dance, and acrobatic shows.
Prater in Vienna, Austria, began as a royal hunting ground that opened in 1766 for public enjoyment. There followed a coffee shop and cafe, which led to the start of Wurstelprater as an amusement park.
The concept of a fixed park for entertainment was further developed with the beginning of the world fair. The first World Fair began in 1851 with the construction of the landmark Crystal Palace in London, England. The purpose of the exposition is to celebrate the achievements of the industrial countries of the world and is designed to educate and entertain the visitors.
American cities and businesses also see the world's fair as a way of demonstrating economic and industrial success. The 1893 Columbian World Exposition in Chicago, Illinois was an early predecessor to the modern amusement park. The exhibit is a closed site, which combines entertainment, engineering, and education to entertain the masses. It aims to fascinate visitors, and managed to do it with the flame of a "White City." To ensure that the exhibition was financially successful, the planners incorporated a special entertainment concession area called Midway Plaisance. The venue of this exhibition captures the imagination of visitors and amusement parks around the world, such as the first steel Ferris wheel, found in many other entertainment venues, such as the Prater in 1896. Also, the ideal city-covered experience with wonders, rides, culture and progress (electricity), is based on the creation of an illusionary place.
The "Central" introduced at the Columbus Exhibition will be a standard part of most amusement parks, exhibits, carnivals and circuses. The center contains not only rides, but also other concessions and entertainment such as shooting galleries, arcade pens, game opportunities and performances.
Trolley park and fun resort
Many modern amusement parks evolved from past pleasure resorts that have become popular among people for day trips or weekend vacations, for example, beach areas such as Blackpool, England, and Coney Island, USA. In the United States, several amusement parks are grown from picnic gardens established along rivers and lakes that provide bathing and water sports, such as Lake Compounce in Connecticut, first established as a beautiful picnic park in 1846, and Riverside Park in Massachusetts, established in the 1870s along the Connecticut River.
The trick is to get the public to a beach or resort location. For Coney Island in Brooklyn, New York, in the Atlantic Ocean, a line of horse-drawn tram carrying pleasure seekers to shore began in 1829. In 1875, one million passengers boarded the Coney Island Railroad, and in 1876 two million visited Coney Island. Hotels and entertainment are built to accommodate upscale and working classes on the beach. The first carousel was installed in the 1870s, the first roller coaster, "Switchback Railway", in 1884.
In England, Blackpool is a popular seaside location from the 1700s. It became famous as a seaside resort with a finish in 1846 from a branch line to Blackpool from Poulton on the Preston and Wyre Joint Railway main lines. Sudden entry of visitors, arriving by train, provides motivation for entrepreneurs to build accommodation and create new attractions, leading to more visitors and rapid growth cycles throughout the 1850s and 1860s.
In 1879, most of Blackpool's pedestrian areas were connected. The lighting and the accompanying procession reinforced the status of Blackpool as the most famous holiday resort in Northern England, and the character of the working class in particular. It was the forerunner of Blackpool's current illumination. In the 1890s, the city had a population of 35,000, and could accommodate 250,000 tourists. The number of annual visitors, many who stayed for a week, is estimated at three million.
In the last decade of the 19th century, electric trolley lines developed in many major cities in America. The companies that set up the trolley line also developed the trolley park as the destination of these tracks. Trolleys such as the Ponce de Leon Park in Atlanta, or Carsonia Reading Park were originally a popular natural recreation spot before local tram companies bought the site, extending it from picnic gardens to include regular entertainment, mechanical entertainment, dance venues, sports fields, boat rides, restaurants and other resort facilities.
Some of these gardens are developed in resort locations, such as beachside bathing resorts in New Jersey and New York. The prime example in New Jersey is Atlantic City, a popular holiday resort. Entrepreneurs set up amusement parks on the wharf that extends from the sidewalk above the ocean. The first of several was Ocean Pier in 1891, followed later by Steel Pier in 1898, both boasting of rides and distinctive attractions at the time, such as Midway-style games and rides of electric trolleys. The boardwalk also has the first roundabout installed in 1892 by William Somers, the wooden predecessor to the Ferris Wheel. Somers has two others in Asbury Park, New Jersey and Coney Island, New York.
Another early park was the Eldorado Entertainment Park, which opened in 1891 on the banks of the Hudson River, overlooking New York City. It consists of 25 hectares.
The modern amusement park
The first permanent closed entertainment area, organized by one company, was founded in Coney Island in 1895: Sea Lion Park on Coney Island in Brooklyn. This park is one of the first to charge entrance fees to enter the park in addition to selling tickets for rides in the park.
In 1897, Sea Lion Park joined Steeplechase Park, the first of three major theme parks to be opened in the Coney Island area. George Tilyou designed the park to provide sensation and entertainment. The combination of population centers near New York City and the ease of access to the area make Coney Island the embodiment of amusement parks. Coney Island also features Luna Park (1903) and Dreamland (1904). Coney Island was a great success and in 1910, attendance in those days could reach one million people. Fueled by Frederick Ingersoll's effort to borrow his name, "Luna Park" was quickly set up around the world and opened for a warm welcome.
The first amusement park in England opened in 1896 - Blackpool Pleasure Beach by W. G. Bean. In 1904, Sir Hiram Maxim's Animal Breeding Machine was introduced; he had devised an early plane powered by an unsuccessful steam engine and instead opened a fun ride of a shuttle that spun around the central mast. Other destinations include 'Grotto' (fantasy trip), 'River Caves' (beautiful railroad), water parachute and toboganning tower.
Fires were a constant threat in those days, as much of the construction in the amusement parks of that time was wood. In 1911, Dreamland was Coney Island's first truly burning amusement park; in 1944, Luna Park also burned down. Most of Ingersoll Luna Park was destroyed the same, usually by arson, before his death in 1927.
Golden Age
During the Gilded Age, many Americans began working with fewer hours and earning more. With newfound money and time spent on recreational activities, Americans are looking for a new place for entertainment. Amusement parks, set up outside the big cities and in rural areas, appear to meet these new economic opportunities. These gardens serve as a source of fantasy and escape from real life. In the early 1900s, hundreds of amusement parks operated in the United States and Canada. The trolley park stands outside many cities. Parks such as Atlanta's Ponce de Leon and Idora Park, near Youngstown, OH, take passengers to popular traditional picnic spots, which in the late 1890s also often included rides like Giant Swing, Carousel, and Shoot-the-Chutes. These amusement parks are often based on known national parks or world fairs: they have names like Coney Island, White City, Luna Park, or Dreamland. The American Gilded Age is, in fact, the amusement park 'Golden Age which ruled until the late 1920s.
Golden Age amusement park also includes the emergence of kiddie park. Founded in 1925, the original Kiddie Park is located in San Antonio, Texas and still operates to date. The kiddie park became popular throughout America after World War II.
This era saw the development of new innovations in roller coasters that included extreme drops and speed to thrill riders. At the end of the First World War, people seemed to want a more interesting entertainment, a need filled with roller coasters. Although car development provides people with more options to satisfy their entertainment needs, after-war amusement parks continue to be successful, while urban amusement parks see a decrease in attendance. The 1920s are better known as the Golden Age roller coaster, which is a decade of frenetic buildings for these rides.
In the UK, Dreamland Margate opened in 1880 with carousel Frederick Savage, the first entertainment rides to be installed. In 1920, the Scenic Railway rollercoaster opened to the public with great success, carrying half a million passengers in its first year. The park also features other common rides for the time including smaller roller coasters, Joy Wheels, Miniature Trains, Whips and River Caves. A ballroom was built at the Skating Rink site in 1920 and in 1923 a Variety Cinema was built on the site. Between 1920 and 1935 over  £ 500,000 was invested in the site, constantly adding new rides and facilities and culminating in the construction of the Dreamland Cinema complex in 1934 which stands to this day.
Meanwhile, Blackpool Pleasure Beach is also being developed. Large-scale investments are often responsible for the construction of many new rides, including Virginia Reel, Whip, Noah's Ark, Big Dipper and Dodgems. In the 1920s, "Casino Building" was built, which remains to this day. In 1923, the land was reclaimed from the ocean front. It was during this period that the park moved to a 44-acre (180,000 m2) current location above what became Watson Road, which was built under Pleasure Beach in 1932. During this time Joseph Emberton, an architect renowned for his work in Entertainment Trade brought to redesign the style of Pleasure Beach rides, work on the "Grand National" roller coasters, "Noah's Ark", and the casino building to name a few.
Depression and post-World War II decline
The Great Depression in the 1930s and World War II during the 1940s saw the decline of the amusement park industry. The war caused a rich urban population to move to the suburbs, television became a source of entertainment, and families went to the amusement park less frequently.
In the 1950s, factors like city decay, crime, and even desegregation within the ghetto caused a pattern change in the way people chose to spend their free time. Many of the older traditional amusement parks are closed or burned to the ground. Much will be carried by a destructive ball to pave the way for suburban development and housing. In 1964, Steeplechase Park, after the kings of all amusement parks, was closed for good. The traditional amusement parks that survive, for example, Kennywood, in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania, and Cedar Point, in Sandusky, Ohio, do so although there is a possibility.
Maps Amusement park
Amusement and theme park today
Entertainment industry industry offerings range from large theme parks around the world such as Walt Disney World, SeaWorld Orlando and Universal Studios Hollywood to smaller and medium theme parks such as Six Flags park and Cedar Fair park. Countless small businesses exist throughout the United States and around the world. A simpler theme park directly aimed at smaller children also appears, such as Legoland.
Examples of amusement parks in shopping centers are in West Edmonton Mall, Alberta, Canada; Pier 39, San Francisco; Mall of America, Bloomington, Minnesota.
The family amusement park started as a mini golf course that began to expand to include batting keramba, go-karts, car bumpers, bumper boats and water slides. Some of these gardens have grown to include even roller coasters, and traditional amusement parks now also have this competition area next to their thrill rides.
In 2008, Walt Disney Company accounted for about half of the industry's total revenue in the US as a result of more than 50 million visitors to US tourist attractions each year.
By 2015, amusement parks in the United States have revenues of US $ 8 billion and amusement parks in China have revenues of US $ 4.6 billion , with China expected to overtake the United States. Country by 2020.
Another type of amusement park
Educational theme park
Some parks use rides and attractions for educational purposes. Disney was the first to successfully open a large-scale amusement park built around education. His name is Epcot, opened in 1982 as the second park at Walt Disney World Resort. There is also the Holy Land of the US and the Experience of the Holy Land, which is an amusement park built to inspire Christian piety. Dinosaur World entertains families with dinosaurs in nature, while the SeaWorld and Busch Gardens parks also offer an educational experience, with each park accommodating several thousand animals, fish and other marine life at dozens of attractions and exhibits that focus on animal education.
Created in 1977, Puy du Fou is a very famous amusement park in Venden, France. It is centered around European, French and local history. It received several international prizes.
Family fun park
Some amusement parks have evolved from more traditional amusement park companies such as Knott's Berry Farm. In the 1920s, Walter Knott and his family sold berries from a booth by the side of the road, which grew including a restaurant serving fried chicken dinner. Within a few years, the lane outside the restaurant is often several hours long. To entertain the waiting people, Walter Knott built the Ghost Town in 1940, using buildings that moved from real old western towns like Calico, the ghost town of California and Prescott, Arizona. In 1968, the Knotts lined up farms, entered for the first time, and Knott's Berry Farm officially became an amusement park. Due to its long history, Knott's Berry Farm currently claims to be "America's First Theme Park." Knott's Berry Farm is now owned by Cedar Fair Entertainment Company. Lake Compounce in Bristol, Connecticut is probably the oldest amusement park that continues to operate in the United States, open since 1846. Santa Claus Town, opened in Santa Claus, Indiana in 1935 and includes Santa's Candy Castle and other Santa Claus themed attractions, the first themed attraction in the United States: the forerunner to a modern amusement park. Santa Claus Land (renamed Holiday World in 1984) opened in 1946 in Santa Claus, Indiana and many would argue that it was the first true Theme Park despite Knott's history. In 1950 the Herschend family took over the operation of a tourist attraction, Marvel Cave near Branson, Missouri. Over the next decade they modernize the cave, which causes many people to wait for the tour. The Herschend family opened the old mining town recreation that once existed above the Marvel Cave. The little village ended up becoming an amusement park, Silver Dollar City. The park is still owned and operated by Herschends and the family owns several other parks including Dollywood, Celebration City, and Wild Adventures.
Regional park
The first regional amusement park, as well as the first Six Flags park, Six Flags over Texas was officially opened in 1961 in Arlington, Texas. The first Six Flags amusement park is the vision of Angus Wynne, Jr. and help create a competitive modern amusement park industry. In the late 1950s, Wynne visited Disneyland and was inspired to create an affordable, closer, and bigger theme park that would be filled with fantasy. He follows Disney's steps and has subdivisions inside the park that reflect different lands. Subdivisions include the Old South section and other sections referring to Wynne's background. In 1968, the second Six Flags Park, Six Flags Over Georgia, opened, and in 1971, Six Flags Over Mid-America (now Six Flags St. Louis) opened near St. Louis. Louis, Missouri. Also in 1971 was the opening of the Walt Disney World resort complex in Florida, with Magic Kingdom (1971), Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood Studios (1989) and Disney's Animal Kingdom (1998).
Admission price and acceptance policy
The amusement parks collect much of their income from entry fees paid by guests attending the park. Other sources of income include parking fees, food and beverage sales, and souvenirs.
Nearly all theme parks operate using either of the two admission principles:
Pay-as-you-go
In amusement parks using pay-as-you-go schemes, guests enter the park with little or no cost. Guests should then purchase the rides individually, either at the entrance of a tourist attraction or by purchasing a ride ticket (or a similar exchange method, such as a token). The cost of attraction is often based on its complexity or popularity. For example, a guest might pay for a ticket to ride a carousel but four tickets for a roller coaster ride.
The park allows guests to purchase admission passes that give unlimited admission to all attractions within the park for a specified time duration. The bracelet or pass is then displayed at the entrance of the attraction to get admission.
Disneyland opened in 1955 using the pay-as-you-go format. Initially, guests pay the entrance fee at the sights. In a short time, the problem of handling large quantities of coins led to the development of a ticket system which, while not currently in use, is still part of the amusement park lexicon. In this new format, guests purchase a ticket book containing a number of tickets, labeled "A," "B" and "C." Rides and attractions using "Ticket A" are generally simple, with "B-tickets" and "C-tickets" used for larger and more popular rides. Then, "D-tickets" are added, then finally "E-tickets", which are used on the largest and most complex rides, such as Space Mountain. Smaller tickets can be traded for use on larger rides, so for example two or three A tickets will be the same as a single B-ticket. Disneyland, as well as the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World, abandoned this practice in 1982.
Pay-one price
Amusement parks that use a one-price pay scheme will charge guests one entrance ticket. Guests are then entitled to use most attractions (usually including featured roller coasters) in the park as often as they want during their visit. Daily pass (daypass) is the most basic ticket fare sold, also sold is a season ticket that offers admission for the entire year of operation (plus privileges for the latest attractions), and express tickets that give priority to the holder in passing queue queues for popular attractions.
Pay parks for a single price also have attractions not included in the admission fee; this is called "attraction attractions" and can include Skycoasters or go-kart tracks, or skill games where prizes are won.
When Angus Wynne, founder of Six Flags Over Texas, first visited Disneyland in 1959, he noted that the pay-as-you-go format in the park as an excuse to make his park pay a price. He thought that families would be more likely to visit his garden if they knew, up front, how much it would cost.
Attractions and attractions
Mechanical sensation machines are an amusement park feature. The initial journey included a carousel, which was originally developed from the first cavalry training method used in the Middle Ages. In the 19th century, merry-go-rounds were common in parks around the world. Another journey that forms the future of the amusement park is the roller coaster. The origins of the roller coaster can be traced back to 17th-century Russia, where gravity-driven attractions, which originally consisted only of sleds or private trains that ride freely down the slopes above specially built snow slopes with piles sand at the bottom for braking, used as a winter recreation activity. This raw and temporary curiosity, known as the Russian Range, is the beginning of a quest for more thrilling amusement park rides. The Colombian Exposition of 1893 is a highly fertile testing ground for amusement rides and includes some never seen before, such as the world's first Ferris wheel, one of the best known products of the exhibition. On this day, many rides of various types are arranged around a particular theme.
The park contains a mixture of attractions that can be divided into several categories.
Travel flat
Flat rides are usually regarded as those who move passengers on planes that are generally parallel to the ground.
There is a core set of flat rides that most amusement parks have, including the company, tilt-a-whirl, gravitron, seat, swinging inverter, twister, and top spin. However, there is constant innovation, with new variations on how to spin and throw passengers around emerging in an effort to continue attracting customers. Manufactures like Huss and Zamperla specialize in creating flat rides among other entertainment attractions.
Roller coaster
Amusement parks often feature some roller coasters especially wood or steel constructions. Basically, a roller coaster ride is where a special rail system with sharp turns and sharp turns, seated passengers and controlled in a car, usually with two or more cars joining to form a train. Some roller coasters have one or more inversions (such as vertical loops) that turn the rider into reverse. Over the years there have been many roller coaster manufacturers with different types of roller coasters.
Current manufacturers include:
- Bolliger & amp; Mabillard
- Gerstlauer
- Great Coasters International
- Intamin
- Mack Rides
- Premier Rides
- Rocky Mountain Construction
- Vekoma
- Zamperla
Rail
The amusement park trains have a long and varied history at amusement parks of America as well as abroad. Some of the earliest park trains are not really trains; they were trolleys, carrying patrons to the park on a regular rail line from towns to the end of the rails where the parks were located. Thus, some old gardens, such as Kennywood in Pennsylvania, are referred to as trolley gardens. The earliest park trains that only operate in the line within park boundaries, such as those on the Zephyr Railroad miniature that can be explored in Dorney Park, are mostly built specifically. The railway track of an amusement park tends to be a narrow gauge, meaning the space between rails is smaller than the 4Ã, ftÃ, 8 1 / 2 in the ( 1,435 mm ) standard gauge rail . Some of the typical narrow gauges common to the amusement park rail are the 3Ã,¬ ft ( 914Ã, mm ) meter, 2Ã, ftÃ, 6Ã, in ( 762 mm ) gauge, 2Ã, ft ( 610Ã, mm ) gauge, and 15Ã, in (< span> 381Ã, mm ) meter.
Past and present manufacturers include:
- Company of Allan Herschell
- Brookville Equipment Corporation
- Cagney Brothers
- Opportunity Opportunity
- Crown Metal Product
- Custom Designer
- Custom Locomotive
- The Doppelmayr Garaventa Group
- Hurlbut Amusement Co.
- Train Katiland
- Miniature Train Co. (MTC)
- National Amusement Devices Co. (NAD)
- Ottaway
- Sandley
- Heavy Lamb
- Tampa Metal Products
- Unlimited Rides Train
Water rides
Amusement parks with water resources generally feature several water rides, such as log flume, bumper boats, rafting and paddle boats. Rides like these are usually softer and shorter than roller coasters and many are suitable for all ages. Water rides are very popular on hot days.
Dark rides
Overlapping with train and water rides, the dark rides are closed attractions where visitors travel with guided vehicles along predetermined paths, through a series of illuminated scenes that may include lighting effects, animations, music and recorded conversations, and other special effects.
Ferris wheels
The Ferris Wheel is the most common type of entertainment at the US fair.
Transport vehicle
Transport vehicles are used to bring many guests from one area to another, as an alternative to walking, especially for large or separate parks to distant areas. Rides of transportation include chairs, monorails, air trams, and escalators.
Ocean Park Hong Kong is famous for its 1.5 km (0.9 mi) cable car connecting the lowlands and highlands of the park, and has the world's second longest outdoor escalator in Headland. Both transportation lines provide a beautiful view of the hilly neighborhoods in the park and, although originally intended for practicality rather than pleasure or pleasure, have become significant park attractions in their own right.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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