A black kibla , in the United States, is a city where African-Americans, especially professionals, are interested in living, because of some or all of the following factors:
- superior economic opportunities for blacks, often judged by the presence of large black and upper upper classes
- black political forces in the city
- the leading black educational institution in the city
- the city's leading role in black art, music, and other cultures
- harmonious black-and-white race relationship in the city
Atlanta has been referred to as a black mecca since the 1970s, while Harlem New York City is referred to as a black mecca during the Renaissance Harlem of the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s and until now.
Video Black mecca
Atlanta
Atlanta is often referred to as a black mecca since the 1970s.
In 1971, Ebony magazine called Atlanta the "black mecca of the South", because "blacks have more, live better, achieve more and deal with whites more effectively than elsewhere in the South- or North. " Ebony is illustrated as proof of "mecca" of Atlanta's high black homeownership status, Atlanta University Center (the nation's largest consortium of black history colleges (HBCUs)), Atlanta's civil rights heritage, black business ownership, black restaurants, civil leadership from black clerics, black brotherhood organizations, and black political forces at City Hall, while also acknowledging the poverty that most of Atlanta's black population survives.
In 1983, Atlanta magazine said that Atlanta's reputation as a black mecca was "proper because it was true" because "the metro area now has the highest proportion of middle-income African-Americans in any city in the country". An article in 1997 Ebony magazine illustrates Atlanta's status as a "new direction" (and "land of milk and honey" for blacks) because a poll of the 100 most influential African Americans in the magazine voted the best overall in Atlanta. city ​​for blacks, has the greatest number of job opportunities for blacks, it is America's "most diverse" city, and is the city with the finest and most affordable housing schools for blacks. A 2002 article in the same magazine reaffirms Atlanta as a "new black mecca" and "city go-to for blacks."
In 2009, the Associated Press marked Atlanta's status as a black mecca by black political forces at City Hall.
The 2015 report shows that the Great Atlanta has the largest number of new blacks than the metropolitan area in the US, with over 198,031 blacks moving there, according to a census data analysis.
Historically the black college in Atlanta
Atlanta is home to the largest consortium of black history institutions in the country. The Atlanta University Center consists of Clark Atlanta University, Spelman College, Morehouse College and Morehouse School of Medicine. The consortium structure allows students to cross-register in other institutions to achieve a broader college experience.
Black entertainment center
In 2011 in a New York Times article titled "Atlanta Emerges as Black Entertainment Mecca", comedian Cedric the Entertainer, who hosted the Soul Train Music Awards this year, said that Atlanta has always been a black Mecca and continues to be one, with respect to the black music talent in the city.
Mecca for African American LGBT
In 2005, The New York Times reported that Atlanta has become a mecca for gay blacks, noting that in the African-American community in the US, where being gay is less acceptable than in society as a whole, Atlanta established a tolerance protection. It also notes Atlanta Atlanta's annual Black Pride festival. A 2004 article in the Atlanta Journal-Constitution also documents Atlanta as a "hub" or "mecca" for black gays.
Criticism
The status of Atlanta as a "mecca" for blacks is sometimes questionable, or the concept of "mecca" is denied altogether, because of the high level of endemic black poverty that is beside the black success. In 1997, the Chicago Tribune published an article entitled "The Atlanta image as a black luster loss". The loss in "luster" is due to the fact that too many blacks are not close to financial success, but "caught in a vicious circle of poverty, crime and homelessness". The city has the highest crime rate in the country, many blacks within the city can not travel to suburban jobs, and despite 20 years of black city leadership, the reality is that city officials can not solve this problem.
Maps Black mecca
Harlem
Harlem renaissance
Harlem in New York City was called a black mecca during the 1920s and 1930s. In March 1925 the leading magazine Graphic Survey produced a problem called "Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro" devoted to the African-American literary and art movement now known as the "Harlem Renaissance". Alain Locke is a guest guest to edit this issue. Most of the material appears in his 1925 anthology "The New Negro." In 1965, author Seth Scheiner published the book Negro Mecca; A History of the Negro in New York City, 1865-1920 .
The 2001 book Harlemworld documented that the concept of Harlem as the black qibla of the time (ie, seven decades after the Harlem Renaissance) still exists among many residents - a concept that is "historic" or even quasi-myth.
Mecca for West African Muslim Immigrants
Black Mecca: Muslim Africa Harlem is also the title of the book of 2010 by Temple Zain University professor Abdullah about West African Muslim immigrants in New York City, using "Mecca" not only in the general sense of "where people are attracted to "but also played on the original meaning of Mecca as a Muslim holy city.
Other cities
Rarely a place other than Atlanta and Harlem referred to as black meccas, despite questioning Atlanta's status as a black mecca, comparisons are often made to other cities with large black populations with cities over 200,000 people, such as Dallas, Birmingham, Detroit, St. Louis, Memphis, Durham, Philadelphia, Houston, Los Angeles and New Orleans, and New York (as a whole, not just Harlem), Baltimore, Chicago, and Joliet.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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