The Hameau de la Reine ( French pronunciation: Ã, [amo d? La? N] , Queen's Hamlet ) is a rural retreat in the ChÃÆ' Â ¢ teau de Versailles park built for Marie Antoinette in 1783 near the Petit Trianon in Yvelines, France. It serves as a private meeting place for the Queen and her closest friends, a place of recreation. Designed by Queen's favorite architect, Richard Mique with the help of painter Hubert Robert, it contains meadows with lakes and rivers, a classic Love Temple on an island with shrubs and fragrant flowers, an octagonal belvedere, with a neighboring cave and cascade. There are also various buildings in the rustic or vernacular style, inspired by the Norman or Flemish design, located around an irregular pond that is streamed by a stream that spins the mill wheel. The building scheme includes a farmhouse, (the farm is to produce milk and eggs for queens), milk, dovecote, chambers, granaries burned during the French Revolution, mills and towers in the form of lighthouse. Each building is decorated with a garden, fruit or flower garden. The largest and most famous of these houses is the "House of the Queen", connected to Billiard's house by a wooden gallery, in the center of the village. A farm works close to the beautiful and fantasy neighborhood of Queen Hamlet.
The hameau is the most famous of a series of rural garden constructions built at the time, especially the Prince of Condà © Å © 's Hameau de Chantilly (1774-1775) which was an inspiration for the hamlet of Versailles. Such a farming model, operating under the principles embraced by the Physiocrats, was fashionable among the French aristocracy at the time. One of the main objectives of hameau is to add to the atmosphere of the Petit Trianon, giving the illusion that it is deeper in the countryside than within the boundaries of Versailles. The rooms at hameau make it more intimate than the big salons in Versailles or at the Petit Trianon .
Abandoned after the French Revolution, it was renovated in the late 1990s and open to the public.
Video Hameau de la Reine
History and construction
Inspired by the tide of naturalism in the art, architecture, and design of the park, Hameau de la Reine was built between 1782 and 1783. The environment of the Petit Trianon garden, where hameau de la Reine is an extension, begins their transformation from pattern gardens formal. Under Louis XV it has become an arboretum and new arrangements eliminate this famous botanical garden, replacing it with a more natural "natural" garden of winding roads, curved canals and lakes under the direction of Antoine Richard, the gardener to the Queen. Richard Mique modifies landscape design to provide courtyard views to the west and north of the Petit Trianon, surrounded by tree belts. Across the lake to the north, hameau is located like a garden stage, originally inspired by its clustering and vernacular buildings by Dutch and Flemish paintings, philosophically influenced by the "natural" cult of Rousseau, and reflecting the principles of the park the contemporary and contemporary created by Claude-Henri Watelet and by the ideas of philosophy , "their radical ideas are co-opted into innocent pleasures and intelligent decorations" as William points out Adams. Artists play a more direct role in beautiful French than they might have done in England, as can be seen by Hubert Robert's involvement.
Effect of style and prototype
The design style of Hameau de la Reine is influenced by hameau de Chantilly, the same rugged "village" with a half-timber façade and a reed roof. A wave of naturalism and an interest in "simple" life struck France in the 18th century. French Aristocrats like to act like shepherds and shepherds, while still enjoying the comfort of their social position. The idealism of this natural life comes from the powerful work of Jean Jacques Rousseau, who emphasizes Nature. The hamlet looks really rustic and natural from the outside, while Rococo's interior provides the comfort and luxury desired of the Queen and her friends.
Architectural construction and design
The Petit Trianon, originally built for Madame de Pompadour under the reign of Louis XV, is a private domain. Surrounding the Petit Trianon is Jardin Anglais (English Garden), a wilder park that appears in response to traditionally manicured French gardens. The Hamlet is built with a hybrid architectural style. The combination of Norman, Flemish, and French styles came together to create a village full of sylvan charm. Normally Norman, his lodges have a façade and a half-timbered reed. Bricks, "gir-leap-step" and stained glass windows are clearly Flemish. The roof covered with roof windows and façade covered gaster, is the original from France. The French architect Richard Mique designed and built Dusun with a garden in mind, and it was almost an extension of the Jardin Anglais. The buildings lend themselves to the surrounding landscape in their setting around a small lake, giving the illusion of a perfect and functioning village.
The warehouse, sometimes used as a ballroom, was destroyed during the French Revolution, while the rest of the houses survived the turbulent period in French history.
Living in Queen's Hamlet
The palaces at the Palace of Versailles continued to besiege Marie Antoinette, leaving her in need of protection. He escaped the responsibility and structure of the court's life to his personal land. The Hamlet is part of the estate of Marie Antoinette, and she enjoys dressing as a young shepherd or milkmaid and acting like a farmer, while surrounded by the comfort of a royal lifestyle. The unintentional harassment of these economically depressed French peasants helped build hatred against the monarchy among the French, which eventually led to the French Revolution.
While still in power, Marie Antoinette enjoyed acting as a tablo vivan, as if she were part of a painting. He brings beautiful and beautiful villages to live by storing barns with animals, and bringing "simple" people, like milkmen and shepherds, to act like the inhabitants of Dukuh. Marie Antoinette will take a walk in the perfect world with simple farmer clothes with her children, part of the idealized Nature. Her closest friends join her in her habitable village, where they also enjoy pretending to lead a simple life. Their isolation at Hameau aroused suspicion among the French. Despising Marie Antoinette for her wasteful expenditure in times of economic depression, the secrecy surrounding her double life led to allegations of hedonism and scandal. It is rumored that Marie Antoinette has a lover, and they meet in Hameau, a surreal place that is entirely hers. The extravagance and ridicule of the farmer's life did not help Marie Antoinette's already suffering image.
Despite its beautiful appearance, the village is a real farm, managed entirely by a peasant appointed by the Queen, with vineyards, fields, gardens and vegetable gardens that produce the fruit and vegetables consumed on the royal table. The animals from Switzerland, according to instructions from the Queen, were raised on the farm. For this reason the place is often called the "Swiss hamlet".
The Queen seeks refuge in peasant life, milking cattle or sheep, which is carefully guarded and cleansed by the servants. He prefers to wear casual clothes as usual in the reckless manner of the French Court while at hameau , and often wears a sun hat and muslin formal dress, a Polonaise dress, or Chemise ÃÆ' la Reine . The chemise , used without panniers and with high waistlines, was first worn by women in warm climates in colonies and popularized among the aristocracies through Marie Antoinette. The simplicity and height of the garment waist will be the foundation for the District mode in the following decades during and after the Revolution. The Queen often wears a Bergichre straw hat and a fichu next to a Polonaise dress; the term Polonaise refers to the clothes of Polish shepherds who will hoist and hook their creases in two or three loops to keep their clothes clean while farming. Marie Antoinette cupboards generally mimic the peasants of that period.
Marie Antoinette used a SÃÆ'¨vres porcelain bucket specially decorated with her arm by Making Royale. The place was completely covered by fences and walls, and only the Queen's friends were allowed to access it. During the Revolution, "a hateful, nationalistic and class-hatred polemic revolved around hameau , previously seen as a harmless agglomeration of playgrounds where to act as Boucher priest." Queen was accused by many reckless, and found herself a target of satire, jealousy and gossip during her reign. Although for Marie Antoinette, hameau is an escape from the life of the Court arranged in Versailles, in the eyes of the French, the queen seems to be only amusing herself.
Maps Hameau de la Reine
Cottages
The hamlet of Marie Antoinette consists of different huts and buildings, all built around a small lake. Each building has a certain function, and each plays its role in Hamlet's daily life. Twelve cottages built in the hamlet can be divided into two groups: five are reserved for use by the Queen; the other seven have functional goals and are used effectively for agriculture. Marie Antoinette has her own house, connected to the pool. Nearby is his study. Factory and dairy companies receive regular visits from the Queen.
Queen's House and Billiard Room Queen's House and Billiard Room Workspace
The Boudoir , (4.6 x 5.2 meters) is the smallest structure, and it is dubbed "the small house of the Queen." Marie Antoinette will retire alone here, or with one or two of her friends. The workroom was little changed during the Second Empire, but its minor construction remained to this day.
Mill
The Mill , built and installed from 1783 to 1788, was never used for grinding grains, contrary to what is often debated. The wheels are driven by streams originating from the Grand Lake and are merely decorative elements. There is no mechanism or wheel installed in the factory. Interior decor is simple and neat. This structure is one of the most beautiful of Hamlet. Each façade of the building is decorated slightly differently. This factory also serves as a laundry.
Marlborough Tower
The circular tower on the shores of the lake is primarily decorative. Originally called "The Fishery Tower." It was made after the popular sleeping song of the era. The basement is used for storage, but the top of the tower has a fairy-esque design.
RÃÆ' Â © chauffoir
the heating room hidden behind the Queen's house. It has a stone interior and includes a large kitchen, bakery, fireplace and kitchen, also linens and silverware. It was used to prepare a meal for dinner given by the Queen at home or factory.
Milk
Initially there were two dairies: one in which dairy products were made, and one where the Queen would feel it. Milk Preparations were destroyed during the First Empire. Each is designed with attention to sanitation: the rooms are bright marble, which gives the impression of cleanliness.
Agriculture
Valy Bussard, a farmer, came to Hameau to run a functional farm. Decorated in a rustic style, the farm includes three bedrooms, a kitchen and a dining room. It is well stocked with animals and vegetable gardens, which crops lead to agricultural and culinary experiments at Versailles.
Dovecote
The dovecote and pigeon cage are near the lake. Rooster and chicken of various species were brought from western France and settled in the aviary in 1785 for the use of Marie Antoinette.
Guardhouse
The building is located on the edge of a field near the forest. The original inhabitant was the Swiss guard, Jean Bersy, who lived there with his family. Due to the prominence of the inhabitants of Hamlet, the guard was needed for the safety of Marie Antoinette.
Grange
Warehouse is also used as a ballroom. It was badly damaged during the French Revolution and destroyed during the First Empire.
References
External links
Media linked to Hamlet Ratu on Wikimedia Commons
- Versailles official website
- Le Hameau (official website of Versailles)
- Hamlet Photos
- Marie Antoinette
- Ancient TV Site: HD Video from Queen Hamlet at Petit Trianon
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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